Patient information
Dizziness and vertigo: what it means and what helps
Dizziness is very common and usually not serious. Most causes get better on their own or with simple treatment. This leaflet explains what your diagnosis means and when to get help.
My details
Name:
Likely cause:
Plan:
Review date:
Common causes
- BPPV – brief spinning when you roll over, lie down or look up, caused by tiny crystals in the inner ear moving out of place. A simple head movement (the Epley manoeuvre) often cures it.
- Vestibular neuronitis or labyrinthitis – sudden spinning lasting days, often after a cold. It settles over a few weeks as the brain adjusts.
- Low blood pressure on standing – light-headedness when getting up, often from dehydration or medicines.
- Vestibular migraine – attacks of dizziness, sometimes with headache or light sensitivity.
Things that help
- Keep moving. After the first day or two, gently moving your head and walking helps your balance system recover. Balance exercises (vestibular rehabilitation) speed this up.
- Anti-sickness tablets help in the first few days only – taking them for longer can slow recovery.
- Get up slowly, drink plenty of fluids, and sit down if you feel dizzy.
- Take care with stairs, and use a light at night to avoid falls.
- Don't drive, climb ladders or use machinery while you are dizzy. If dizziness comes on suddenly and stops you functioning, you may need to tell the DVLA – ask us.
Call 999 if you have dizziness with
- weakness or numbness in the face, arm or leg, slurred speech, double vision or trouble swallowing
- being unable to stand or walk
- a sudden severe headache or neck pain
- chest pain, a racing heart, or a blackout
Contact your GP the same day if you suddenly lose hearing in one ear, or if you are getting worse rather than better.
More help: NHS: dizziness · NHS: vertigo · Brain & Spine Foundation